monks to these distant shores. The opening of the text introduces the concept that the country of Fou-Sang was known in Asia as early as the 5th century, citing various scholars who have interpreted Chinese annals to identify it with North America. Paravey references the work of notable figures like M. de Guignes, who argued that the descriptions in the Chinese records align closely with geographical features and cultural practices found in the Americas. The text suggests that Buddhist missionaries may have navigated from Asia to the Americas, bringing their culture and religion, further establishing the connections between these two worlds long before contemporary explorations. (This is an automatically generated summary.)